/* === Basic Reset & Global Styles === */
:root {
    --primary-color: #150a30;
    /* Dark Green */
    --secondary-color: #6c757d;
    /* Gray */
    --accent-color: #e74c3c;
    /* Red */
    --dark-text: #302258;
    /* Slightly Lighter Dark Green for headings */
    --light-text: #555;
    /* Medium Gray for paragraph text */
    --background-light: #f9f9f9;
    /* Very light gray for cards/sections */
    --background-dark: #eee;
    /* Slightly darker gray */
    --white: #ffffff;
    /* White */
    --text-color: var(--light-text);
    --dark-color: var(--dark-text);
    --light-color: var(--white);
    --font-family: 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', Arial, sans-serif;
    /* Specified font */
    --header-height: 80px;
    --border-color: #ddd;
    /* Light gray border */
    --box-shadow-light: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    --transition-speed: 0.3s ease;
    --slow-transition-speed: 0.4s ease-out;
    /* For dropdown exit, slightly slower */
}

/* Universal box-sizing */
* {
    box-sizing: border-box;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}

/* Smooth scrolling for anchor links */
html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

/* Base body styles */
body {
    font-family: var(--font-family);
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: var(--text-color);
    background-color: var(--white);
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
    -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}

/* Centering container for main content */
.container {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    padding: 0 20px;
}

/* Link styles */
a {
    text-decoration: none;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    transition: color var(--transition-speed);
}

a:hover {
    color: #1ab18b79;
    /* A shade of green, slightly transparent */
}

/* List reset */
ul {
    list-style: none;
}

/* Image responsiveness */
img {
    max-width: 100%;
    height: auto;
}

/* Heading styles */
h1,
h2,
h3,
h4,
h5,
h6 {
    color: var(--dark-text);
    margin-bottom: 0.8em;
    line-height: 1.2;
}

h1 {
    font-size: 3em;
}

h2 {
    font-size: 2.5em;
}

h3 {
    font-size: 1.8em;
}

/* Paragraph spacing */
p {
    margin-bottom: 1em;
}

/* === Buttons === */
.btn {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 14px 30px;
    border-radius: 50px;
    /* Fully rounded pills */
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 600;
    transition: background-color var(--transition-speed), transform var(--transition-speed);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.btn:hover {
    transform: translateY(-3px);
    /* Lift effect on hover */
    box-shadow: 0 6px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25);
}

.btn-primary {
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: var(--white);
    border: 2px solid var(--primary-color);
}

.btn-primary:hover {
    background-color: #08240d;
    /* Darker shade of primary */
    border-color: #08240d;
}

.btn-secondary {
    background-color: transparent;
    color: var(--white);
    border: 2px solid var(--white);
}

.btn-secondary:hover {
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    color: var(--white);
}

/* Specific secondary button for CTA section */
.cta-section .btn-secondary {
    background-color: var(--white);
    color: var(--primary-color);
    border: 2px solid var(--white);
}

.cta-section .btn-secondary:hover {
    background-color: var(--accent-color);
    color: var(--white);
    border-color: var(--accent-color);
}

/* === Header === */
header {
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    position: sticky;
    /* Sticky header */
    top: 0;
    z-index: 1000;
    box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

header .container {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
    padding: 1rem;
}

/* Logo Styles */
.logo {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    text-decoration: none;
    color: white;
    /* Logo text is white against primary background */
}

.logo-text {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    line-height: 1.2;
}

.logo-main {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: 700;
    text-transform: uppercase;
}

.logo-sub {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    font-weight: 400;
    opacity: 0.9;
}

.logo-country {
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    margin-top: 0.2rem;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}

.logo-country img {
    margin-left: 0.3rem;
    vertical-align: middle;
    /* Align flag nicely */
}

/* Navigation Menu */
nav {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
}

.nav-menu {
    display: flex;
    list-style: none;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    gap: 1rem;
}

.nav-menu li {
    position: relative;
    white-space: nowrap;
}

.nav-menu a {
    color: white;
    text-decoration: none;
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
    display: block;
    font-weight: 500;
    transition: background-color var(--transition-speed);
    border-radius: 4px;
}

.nav-menu a:hover {
    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
}

/* Dropdown Menus */
.submenu,
.submenu-level-2 {
    position: absolute;
    top: 100%;
    left: 0;
    background-color: white;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0.5rem 0;
    min-width: 220px;
    z-index: 100;
    border-radius: 8px;
    opacity: 0;
    visibility: hidden;
    transform: translateY(10px);
    transition: all var(--transition-speed);
    /* Slower transition for effect */
}

.submenu-level-2 {
    left: 100%;
    top: 0;
    margin-left: 0.5rem;
}

/* Show submenu on hover */
.has-submenu:hover>.submenu,
.has-submenu:hover>.submenu-level-2 {
    opacity: 1;
    visibility: visible;
    transform: translateY(0);
}

.submenu a,
.submenu-level-2 a {
    color: var(--dark-text);
    /* Submenu links are dark text */
    padding: 0.5rem 1.5rem;
    white-space: nowrap;
    /* Prevent wrapping for menu items */
}

.submenu a:hover,
.submenu-level-2 a:hover {
    background-color: var(--background-light);
    color: var(--primary-color);
}

/* Hamburger Menu (Mobile Toggle) */
.nav-toggle {
    display: none;
    /* Hidden on desktop */
    background: none;
    border: none;
    cursor: pointer;
    padding: 0.5rem;
    z-index: 1001;
}

.hamburger {
    display: block;
    width: 25px;
    height: 2px;
    background-color: white;
    /* Hamburger bars are white */
    position: relative;
    transition: background-color var(--transition-speed);
}

.hamburger::before,
.hamburger::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    width: 25px;
    height: 2px;
    background-color: white;
    transition: transform var(--transition-speed);
}

.hamburger::before {
    top: -8px;
}

.hamburger::after {
    top: 8px;
}

.nav-toggle.open .hamburger {
    background-color: transparent;
    /* Hide middle bar when open */
}

.nav-toggle.open .hamburger::before {
    transform: translateY(8px) rotate(45deg);
}

.nav-toggle.open .hamburger::after {
    transform: translateY(-8px) rotate(-45deg);
}

/* Funding/University Logos Section */
.funding-university-logos {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: flex-start;
    /* Align left */
    align-items: center;
    padding: 0.5rem 20px;
    /* Added left padding for alignment with container */
    background-color: var(--white);
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    gap: 1.5rem;
    flex-wrap: nowrap;
    /* Keep on one line if possible */
}

.facilitators-text {
    font-size: 1.1em;
    font-weight: 600;
    color: var(--dark-text);
    margin-right: 15px;
    position: relative;
    padding-right: 20px;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    /* Prevent text from shrinking too much */
    white-space: nowrap;
    /* Keep text on one line */
}

.facilitators-text::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    right: 0;
    top: 50%;
    transform: translateY(-50%);
    width: 2px;
    height: 70%;
    background-color: var(--border-color);
}

.funding-university-logos .logo-item {
    max-height: 40px;
    /* Match header height */
    width: auto;
    object-fit: contain;
    padding: 5px;
    flex-shrink: 1;
    min-width: 0;
    transition: transform 0.5s ease-in-out;
}

.funding-university-logos .logo-item:hover {
    transform: scale(1.1);
}

/* Hero Section */
.hero {
    padding: 100px 20px;
    min-height: 450px;
    /* Use the specified image from the user's provided CSS */
    background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.589), rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.897)), url('Assets/jobstruggle.jpeg');
    background-size: cover;
    background-position: center;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
    color: var(--white);
    /* Text white for readability */
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    text-align: center;
    border-bottom-left-radius: 15px;
    /* Rounded corners for the hero section */
    border-bottom-right-radius: 15px;
    overflow: hidden;
    /* Ensure content doesn't overflow rounded corners */
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
    /* Soft shadow */
}

.hero-content {
    position: relative;
    z-index: 2;
    /* Bring content above overlay */
    max-width: 800px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.hero-main-title {
    font-size: 3.8em;
    /* Large, impactful title */
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    font-weight: 800;
    line-height: 1.2;
    color: var(--white);
    /* Ensure title color is white in hero */
}

.hero-text-bottom p {
    font-size: 1.15em;
    line-height: 1.6;
    margin-bottom: 25px;
}


/* === NEW SECTION: About Our Project (Image + Text) === */
.project-overview {
    background-color: var(--white);
    padding: 60px 20px;
    margin-top: 40px;
    border-radius: 15px;
    box-shadow: var(--box-shadow-light);
    /* Using defined variable */
    text-align: center;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
}

.project-overview h2 {
    font-size: 2.8em;
    color: var(--dark-text);
    margin-bottom: 40px;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.project-overview .content-wrapper {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    /* Vertically align image and text */
    gap: 40px;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    /* Allow wrapping on smaller screens */
    justify-content: center;
    /* Center items when wrapped */
}

.project-overview .project-image {
    flex: 1 1 400px;
    /* Flexible width, min 400px base */
    max-width: 50%;
    /* Max half width on larger screens */
    border-radius: 10px;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 0 4px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    margin-right: 20px;
    /* Space between image and text */
}

.project-overview .project-image img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 350px;
    /* Fixed height for consistent image presentation */
    object-fit: cover;
    /* Cover the area, crop if necessary */
    display: block;
    border-bottom: 5px solid var(--primary-color);
    /* Accent line */
}

.project-overview .project-text {
    flex: 1 1 500px;
    /* Flexible width, min 500px base */
    max-width: 50%;
    text-align: left;
    line-height: 1.7;
    color: var(--light-text);
    padding: 20px 0;
    /* Add some vertical padding */
}

.project-overview .project-text p {
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

/* === NEW SECTION: Explore Our Work (Grid of Clickable Cards) === */
.explore-work {
    background-color: var(--background-light);
    /* Using background-light */
    padding: 60px 20px;
    margin-top: 50px;
    border-radius: 15px;
    box-shadow: var(--box-shadow-light);
    /* Using defined variable */
    text-align: center;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
}

.explore-work h2 {
    font-size: 2.8em;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    /* Primary color for heading */
    margin-bottom: 40px;
    font-weight: 700;
}

.key-areas-grid {
    display: flex;
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 30px;
}

.key-area-card {
    flex: 1 1 calc(33.333% - 30px);
    /* Three columns with gap */
    min-width: 280px;
    background-color: var(--white);
    /* White background for cards */
    border-radius: 10px;
    overflow: hidden;
    box-shadow: 0 5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    /* Consistent shadow */
    transition: transform var(--transition-speed), box-shadow var(--transition-speed);
    text-decoration: none;
    /* Make the whole card clickable */
    color: inherit;
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
}

.key-area-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-8px);
    box-shadow: 0 8px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.key-area-card img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 200px;
    /* Consistent height for images */
    object-fit: cover;
    display: block;
    border-bottom: 3px solid var(--dark-text);
    /* Darker accent line */
}

.card-content {
    padding: 20px;
    text-align: center;
    flex-grow: 1;
    /* Allow content to grow */
}

.card-content h3 {
    font-size: 1.8em;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.card-content p {
    font-size: 1em;
    color: var(--light-text);
    line-height: 1.5;
}


/* === CTA Section === */
.cta-section {
    /* Use specified background image and gradient from user's provided CSS */
    background: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(42, 8, 65, 0.9), rgba(47, 9, 73, 0.9)), url('Assets/Multimesia.jpg') no-repeat center center/cover;
    color: var(--white);
    text-align: center;
    padding: 80px 20px;
    margin-top: 60px;
    border-radius: 8px;
    /* Rounded corners for CTA */
}

.cta-section h2 {
    font-size: 3em;
    margin-bottom: 25px;
    color: var(--white);
    text-shadow: 1px 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}

.cta-section p {
    font-size: 1.2em;
    margin-bottom: 40px;
    max-width: 700px;
    margin-left: auto;
    margin-right: auto;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
}

/* === Footer === */
footer {
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    /* Darker purple*/
    color: var(--light-color);
    /* White */
    padding: 60px 0 20px 0;
    font-size: 0.95em;
}

.footer-content {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
    gap: 40px;
    margin-bottom: 40px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
    padding-bottom: 30px;
}

.footer-section h3 {
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.9);
    /* Primary green for footer headings */
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    font-size: 1.4em;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--primary-color);
    padding-bottom: 5px;
    display: inline-block;
}

.footer-section p,
.footer-section ul {
    line-height: 1.8;
}

.footer-section ul {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
}

.footer-section ul li {
    margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.footer-section ul li a {
    color: var(--light-color);
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: color var(--transition-speed);
}

.footer-section ul li a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    padding-left: 5px;
    /* Slight slide on hover */
}

.social-links {
    margin-top: 25px;
    display: flex;
    gap: 20px;
}

.social-links a {
    color: var(--accent-color);
    /* Changed to accent color */
    font-size: 1.8em;
    transition: color var(--transition-speed), transform var(--transition-speed);
}

.social-links a:hover {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    transform: translateY(-3px);
}

.footer-section.contact-info p {
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
    gap: 10px;
}

.footer-section.contact-info i {
    color: var(--accent-color);
    /* Changed to accent color */
    font-size: 1.1em;
}

.footer-bottom {
    text-align: center;
    padding-top: 25px;
    font-size: 0.85em;
    color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.7);
    border-top: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
}

.footer-bottom p {
    margin: 5px 0;
}

.footer-bottom i.fa-heart {
    color: var(--accent-color);
    animation: pulse 1.5s infinite;
}

/* --- Keyframe Animations --- */
@keyframes pulse {
    0% {
        transform: scale(1);
    }

    50% {
        transform: scale(1.05);
    }

    100% {
        transform: scale(1);
    }
}

/* === Page Title Banner (For inner pages like Contact, About etc.) === */
.page-title-banner {
    /* Use specified background image and gradient from user's CSS */
    background: linear-gradient(rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6), rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.6)), url('Assets/home-page-architecture.jpg') no-repeat center center/cover;
    color: var(--white);
    text-align: center;
    padding: 80px 20px;
    margin-bottom: 40px;
    display: flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    min-height: 250px;
    box-shadow: inset 0 -5px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
}

.page-title-banner h1 {
    font-size: 3.5em;
    color: var(--white);
    text-shadow: 2px 2px 5px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

/* === General Page Content Styling (Applies to About, Research, Publications, etc.) === */
.page-content {
    padding-top: 60px;
    padding-bottom: 80px;
}

.page-content h2 {
    font-size: 2.8em;
    color: var(--dark-text);
    margin-bottom: 25px;
    position: relative;
    padding-bottom: 10px;
    text-align: left;
}

.page-content h2::after {
    content: '';
    position: absolute;
    left: 0;
    bottom: 0;
    width: 70px;
    height: 4px;
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    border-radius: 2px;
}

.page-content h3 {
    font-size: 1.8em;
    color: var(--dark-text);
    margin-top: 30px;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
}

.page-content p {
    font-size: 1.1em;
    line-height: 1.7;
    color: var(--light-text);
    margin-bottom: 1.5em;
}

.page-content p strong {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-weight: 600;
}

/* === Content Grid (e.g., for Team Members, Research Themes) === */
.content-grid {
    display: grid;
    grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));
    gap: 30px;
    margin-top: 40px;
}

.content-card {
    background-color: var(--background-light);
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 6px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
    padding: 30px;
    text-align: center;
    transition: transform var(--transition-speed), box-shadow var(--transition-speed);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: space-between;
    align-items: center;
}

.content-card:hover {
    transform: translateY(-8px);
    box-shadow: 0 10px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);
}

.content-card h3 {
    font-size: 1.5em;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    border-bottom: none;
    padding-bottom: 0;
}

.content-card p {
    font-size: 0.95em;
    color: var(--light-text);
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

/* Contact Page Specific Styles */
.contact-form-container {
    flex: 2;
    min-width: 400px;
    background-color: var(--white);
    padding: 40px;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    border-top: 5px solid var(--primary-color);
}

.contact-form-container h2 {
    font-size: 2.2em;
    color: var(--dark-text);
    margin-bottom: 20px;
    text-align: center;
}

/* Form Styling */
.form-group {
    margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.form-group label {
    display: block;
    margin-bottom: 8px;
    color: var(--dark-text);
    font-weight: 600;
}

.form-group input[type="text"],
.form-group input[type="email"],
.form-group textarea {
    width: 100%;
    padding: 14px 18px;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 8px;
    font-family: var(--font-family);
    font-size: 1em;
    color: var(--light-text);
    background-color: var(--background-light);
    transition: border-color 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.form-group input[type="text"]:focus,
.form-group input[type="email"]:focus,
.form-group textarea:focus {
    border-color: var(--primary-color);
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px rgba(10, 48, 17, 0.2);
    /* Use rgba of primary color */
    outline: none;
    background-color: var(--white);
}

.form-group textarea {
    resize: vertical;
    min-height: 120px;
}

.btn-submit {
    width: auto;
    padding: 15px 40px;
    font-size: 1.1em;
    cursor: pointer;
    border: none;
}

/* Contact Details Section */
.contact-details {
    flex: 1;
    min-width: 300px;
    background-color: var(--white);
    padding: 40px;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
    border-top: 5px solid var(--accent-color);
}

.contact-details h3 {
    font-size: 1.8em;
    color: var(--dark-text);
    margin-bottom: 25px;
    text-align: center;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    padding-bottom: 10px;
}

.contact-details p {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start;
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    color: var(--light-text);
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.contact-details p i {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    font-size: 1.2em;
    margin-right: 15px;
    flex-shrink: 0;
    padding-top: 3px;
}

.contact-details p a {
    color: var(--primary-color);
    text-decoration: underline;
}

.contact-details p a:hover {
    color: #08240d;
    /* Darker primary */
}

/* Map Section */
iframe {
    margin-top: 30px;
    width: 100%;
    height: 400px;
    border: 0;
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 25px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

/* Specific styles for multi-column page layout (e.g., Research page) */
.page-layout {
    display: flex;
    gap: 40px;
    align-items: flex-start;
}

/* Sidebar Navigation */
.sidebar-nav {
    flex: 0 0 250px;
    position: sticky;
    top: 100px;
    padding: 20px;
    background-color: var(--background-light);
    border-radius: 8px;
    box-shadow: var(--box-shadow-light);
    margin-bottom: 40px;
}

.sidebar-nav h3 {
    font-size: 1.3em;
    color: var(--primary-color);
    margin-bottom: 15px;
    padding-bottom: 10px;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.sidebar-nav ul {
    list-style: none;
    padding: 0;
    margin: 0;
}

.sidebar-nav li {
    margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.sidebar-nav a {
    display: block;
    padding: 8px 10px;
    color: var(--dark-text);
    text-decoration: none;
    border-radius: 5px;
    transition: background-color 0.2s ease, color 0.2s ease;
}

.sidebar-nav a:hover,
.sidebar-nav a.active-sidebar-link {
    background-color: var(--primary-color);
    color: var(--white);
}

.main-content-area {
    flex-grow: 1;
    min-width: 0;
}

/* Research Section specific heading alignment */
.research-section h2 {
    z-index: -1;
}

/* Form Message Styles */
.form-messages {
    margin-top: 1em;
    padding: 1em;
    border-radius: 4px;
    text-align: center;
    font-weight: bold;
}

.form-messages.success {
    background-color: #d4edda;
    /* Light green */
    color: #155724;
    /* Dark green text */
    border: 1px solid #c3e6cb;
}

.form-messages.error {
    background-color: #f8d7da;
    /* Light red */
    color: #721c24;
    /* Dark red text */
    border: 1px solid #f5c6cb;
}

/* === Responsive Adjustments (Media Queries) === */

/* --- Primary Compression Breakpoint --- */
@media (max-width: 1100px) {

    /* Hero section responsive */
    .hero-main-title {
        font-size: 3.2em;
    }

    .hero-text-bottom.static-text-block p {
        font-size: 1.1em;
    }

    /* Facilitators section responsive */
    .funding-university-logos {
        gap: 15px;
        padding: 10px;
    }

    .facilitators-text {
        font-size: 1em;
        margin-right: 10px;
        padding-right: 15px;
    }

    .facilitators-text::after {
        width: 1px;
        height: 60%;
    }

    .funding-university-logos .logo-item {
        max-height: 50px;
    }

    /* General layout for multi-column pages */
    .page-layout {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 20px;
    }

    .sidebar-nav {
        position: static;
        width: 100%;
        flex: none;
        margin-bottom: 20px;
        top: auto;
    }

    /* Project Overview section responsive */
    .project-overview .content-wrapper {
        flex-direction: column;
        /* Stack image and text on medium screens */
    }

    .project-overview .project-image,
    .project-overview .project-text {
        flex-basis: 100%;
        max-width: 100%;
        /* Take full width when stacked */
    }

    .project-overview .project-image {
        margin-right: 0;
        /* Remove right margin when stacked */
        margin-bottom: 30px;
        /* Add space below image when stacked */
    }
}

/* --- Hamburger Menu Breakpoint (for main nav) --- */
@media (max-width: 768px) {
    h1 {
        font-size: 3.2em;
    }

    h2 {
        font-size: 2.2em;
    }

    h3 {
        font-size: 1.6em;
    }

    /* Mobile Nav Menu styles below 768px */
    .nav-toggle {
        display: block;
        /* Show hamburger */
    }

    .nav-menu {
        position: fixed;
        top: var(--header-height);
        left: 0;
        width: 100%;
        height: 100vh;
        /* Full viewport height */
        background-color: var(--primary-color);
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
        justify-content: flex-start;
        /* Align items to top, not center */
        transform: translateX(-100%);
        /* Hidden by default */
        transition: transform 0.3s ease;
        z-index: 90;
        box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
        padding-top: 0;
        padding-bottom: 0;
        flex-wrap: nowrap;
    }

    .nav-menu.open {
        /* Class controlled by JS */
        transform: translateX(0);
        max-height: 100%;
        /* Allow full height when open */
        overflow-y: auto;
        /* Enable scrolling if content overflows */
        padding-bottom: 10px;
    }

    .nav-menu li {
        margin: 0;
        width: 100%;
        border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
        flex-shrink: 0;
        min-width: unset;
        text-align: left;
        /* Align text left in mobile menu */
    }

    .nav-menu li:last-child {
        border-bottom: none;
    }

    .nav-menu li a {
        padding: 15px 25px;
        color: var(--white);
        border-bottom: none;
        border-radius: 0;
        font-size: 1em;
        white-space: normal;
    }

    .nav-menu li a:hover {
        background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
        color: var(--white);
    }

    /* Mobile Dropdowns (Submenus) - Controlled by JS on click */
    .submenu,
    .submenu-level-2 {
        position: static;
        /* No longer absolute */
        box-shadow: none;
        background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
        /* Slightly darker for submenu */
        padding: 0;
        margin-left: 20px;
        /* Indent submenus */
        width: auto;
        opacity: 1;
        /* Always visible if parent is open */
        transform: none;
        pointer-events: auto;
        border-top: none;
        border-radius: 0;
        max-height: 0;
        /* Hidden by default for JS toggle */
        overflow: hidden;
        transition: max-height 0.3s ease-out;
    }

    .submenu-level-2 {
        margin-left: 40px;
        /* Deeper indent for second level */
    }

    .submenu.open-mobile,
    /* Class controlled by JS */
    .submenu-level-2.open-mobile {
        max-height: 500px;
        /* Arbitrary large height to reveal content */
    }

    .submenu li a,
    .submenu-level-2 li a {
        padding: 12px 35px;
        font-size: 0.95em;
        color: var(--white);
        white-space: normal;
    }

    .submenu li a:hover,
    .submenu-level-2 li a:hover {
        background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.05);
        color: var(--white);
    }

    /* General responsive adjustments for content below header */
    .hero {
        padding: 100px 20px;
        min-height: 450px;
    }

    .hero-content h1 {
        font-size: 3em;
    }

    .hero-text-bottom.static-text-block p {
        font-size: 1.1em;
    }

    /* Facilitators section responsive */
    .funding-university-logos {
        gap: 10px;
        padding: 8px;
    }

    .facilitators-text {
        font-size: 0.9em;
        margin-right: 8px;
        padding-right: 12px;
    }

    .facilitators-text::after {
        height: 50%;
    }

    .funding-university-logos .logo-item {
        max-height: 40px;
    }

    /* Adjustments for general content sections on smaller screens */
    .project-overview,
    .explore-work {
        padding: 40px 20px;
    }

    .project-overview h2,
    .explore-work h2 {
        font-size: 2.4em;
    }

    .key-areas-grid .key-area-card {
        flex-basis: 100%;
        /* Stack key area cards on small screens */
    }

    /* Responsive Adjustments for Contact Page */
    .page-content {
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
        gap: 30px;
    }

    .contact-form-container,
    .contact-details {
        min-width: unset;
        width: 90%;
        max-width: 600px;
        margin: 0 auto;
    }

    .page-title-banner h1 {
        font-size: 2.8em;
    }

    /* Responsive Adjustments for About Page Content */
    .page-content {
        padding-top: 40px;
        padding-bottom: 60px;
    }

    .page-content h2 {
        font-size: 2.4em;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .page-content h2::after {
        left: 50%;
        transform: translateX(-50%);
    }

    .content-grid {
        gap: 25px;
    }

    .content-card {
        padding: 25px;
    }

    /* Sidebar dropdown for small screens */
    .desktop-sidebar {
        display: none;
        /* Hide full sidebar */
    }

    .sidebar-dropdown-mobile {
        display: flex;
        /* Show dropdown */
        flex-direction: row;
        /* Layout select and button side-by-side */
        gap: 10px;
        width: 90%;
        margin: 20px auto;
        /* Center the dropdown */
        padding: 15px;
        background-color: var(--background-light);
        border-radius: 8px;
        box-shadow: 0 4px 10px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
        align-items: center;
        justify-content: center;
    }

    .sidebar-dropdown-mobile .form-select {
        flex-grow: 1;
        padding: 10px 15px;
        border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
        border-radius: 5px;
        background-color: var(--white);
        font-family: var(--font-family);
        font-size: 1em;
        color: var(--light-text);
        appearance: none;
        /* Remove default arrow */
        background-image: url('data:image/svg+xml;charset=UTF-8,%3csvg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"%3e%3cpolyline points="6 9 12 15 18 9"%3e%3c/polyline%3e%3c/svg%3e');
        background-repeat: no-repeat;
        background-position: right 10px center;
        background-size: 16px;
    }

    .sidebar-dropdown-mobile .btn-go {
        padding: 10px 20px;
        border-radius: 5px;
        /* Less rounded for this button */
        box-shadow: none;
        /* No shadow needed here */
    }

    .sr-only {
        /* For screen readers */
        position: absolute;
        width: 1px;
        height: 1px;
        padding: 0;
        margin: -1px;
        overflow: hidden;
        clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
        white-space: nowrap;
        border-width: 0;
    }
}

/* Smaller Mobile Devices (typically phones) */
@media (max-width: 576px) {
    h1 {
        font-size: 2.5em;
    }

    h2 {
        font-size: 2em;
    }

    h3 {
        font-size: 1.4em;
    }

    .hero {
        padding: 80px 15px;
        /* Slightly less padding */
        min-height: 380px;
        /* Reduced min-height */
        background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5), rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.7)), url('Assets/jobstruggle.jpeg');
    }

    .hero-main-title {
        font-size: 2.2em;
        /* Smaller hero title */
    }

    .hero-text-bottom.static-text-block p {
        font-size: 0.9em;
    }

    /* Facilitators section responsive */
    .funding-university-logos {
        gap: 5px;
        padding: 5px;
    }

    .facilitators-text {
        font-size: 0.8em;
        margin-right: 8px;
        padding-right: 12px;
    }

    .facilitators-text::after {
        height: 40%;
    }

    .funding-university-logos .logo-item {
        max-height: 30px;
    }

    /* General section padding */
    .project-overview,
    .explore-work,
    .cta-section,
    footer {
        padding: 40px 15px;
    }

    /* Footer adjustments */
    .footer-content {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 20px;
        text-align: center;
    }

    .footer-section {
        margin: 0 auto;
        min-width: unset;
        width: 90%;
    }

    .footer-section ul {
        display: flex;
        flex-direction: column;
        align-items: center;
    }

    .social-links {
        justify-content: center;
    }

    .footer-section.contact-info p {
        justify-content: center;
    }

    /* Responsive Adjustments for Contact Page */
    .page-content {
        padding-top: 30px;
        padding-bottom: 50px;
    }

    .contact-form-container,
    .contact-details {
        padding: 25px;
        width: 95%;
    }

    .contact-form-container h2,
    .contact-details h3 {
        font-size: 1.8em;
    }

    .form-group input[type="text"],
    .form-group input[type="email"],
    .form-group textarea {
        padding: 12px 15px;
    }

    .btn-submit {
        padding: 12px 30px;
        font-size: 1em;
    }

    iframe {
        height: 300px;
    }

    /* Responsive Adjustments for About Page Content */
    .page-content {
        padding-top: 30px;
        padding-bottom: 50px;
    }

    .page-content h2 {
        font-size: 2em;
        margin-bottom: 20px;
    }

    .page-content h3 {
        font-size: 1.6em;
        margin-top: 25px;
    }

    .page-content p {
        font-size: 1em;
    }

    .content-grid {
        grid-template-columns: 1fr;
        gap: 20px;
    }

    .content-card {
        max-width: 90%;
        margin: 0 auto;
    }

    /* Sidebar dropdown for small screens */
    .sidebar-dropdown-mobile {
        width: 95%;
        /* Make it wider on very small screens */
        padding: 10px;
        /* Reduce padding */
    }

    .sidebar-dropdown-mobile .form-select {
        font-size: 0.9em;
        padding: 8px 12px;
    }

    .sidebar-dropdown-mobile .btn-go {
        padding: 8px 15px;
        font-size: 0.9em;
    }
}

/* Very small mobile screens, even further reduction if needed */
@media (max-width: 480px) {
    .nav-menu li a {
        padding: 10px 15px;
        /* Adjust padding for better touch targets */
        font-size: 0.9em;
        /* Slightly larger for readability */
    }

    .nav-menu li {
        min-width: unset;
        /* Remove min-width, let content dictate */
    }

    .logo-main {
        font-size: 1rem;
    }

    .logo-sub,
    .logo-country {
        font-size: 0.7rem;
    }

    .logo-country img {
        width: 15px;
        height: auto;
    }

    .funding-university-logos {
        gap: 0.5rem;
        /* Even smaller gap */
        padding: 0.5rem 10px;
        /* Adjusted padding */
    }

    .funding-university-logos .logo-item {
        max-height: 25px;
        /* Even smaller logos */
    }

    .facilitators-text {
        font-size: 0.7em;
        /* Smallest text */
    }
}

/*image fit*/
.page-title-banner {
    max-width: auto;
    height: auto;
    display: block;
    margin: 0 auto;
    /* Center images */
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
}

/* In your style.css file */

/* --- General Layout & Spacing --- */
.main-content-area {
    padding: 20px; /* Overall padding for the main content */
    line-height: 1.6; /* Improves readability of text */
}

/* --- Styling for Each Theme Section --- */
.theme-section {
    background-color: #ffffff; /* White background for each section */
    border: 1px solid #e0e0e0; /* Light border around sections */
    border-radius: 10px; /* Slightly rounded corners */
    margin-bottom: 40px; /* Space between each theme section */
    padding: 30px; /* Internal padding within each section */
    box-shadow: 0 6px 15px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08); /* More prominent shadow for distinct look */
    scroll-margin-top: 100px; /* Adjust this value if your fixed header is tall, to prevent content from being hidden when jumping to an anchor */
}

.theme-section h3 {
    color: #0056b3; /* A prominent color for theme titles */
    font-size: 2.2em; /* Larger font for main theme titles */
    margin-top: 0;
    margin-bottom: 25px; /* Space below the title */
    border-bottom: 2px solid #f0f0f0; /* Subtle line under title */
    padding-bottom: 10px;
}

/* --- Styling for Content within Theme Sections (Image and Text) --- */
.theme-content {
    display: flex; /* Use flexbox for image and text layout */
    align-items: flex-start; /* Align items to the top */
    gap: 30px; /* Space between image and text */
}

.theme-content img {
    width: 40%; /* Image takes 40% of the theme-content width */
    max-width: 350px; /* Max width for images to prevent them from becoming too large */
    height: auto; /* Maintain aspect ratio */
    border-radius: 8px; /* Slightly rounded corners for images */
    object-fit: cover; /* Ensures image covers the area without distortion */
    box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); /* Shadow for images */
}

.theme-content p {
    flex: 1; /* Paragraph takes the remaining space */
    font-size: 1.1em;
    color: #333;
    line-height: 1.7;
    margin-top: 0; /* Remove default paragraph margin-top */
}

/* --- Responsive Adjustments --- */
@media (max-width: 992px) {
    .theme-content {
        flex-direction: column; /* Stack image and text vertically on medium screens */
        align-items: center; /* Center items when stacked */
        text-align: center; /* Center text under image */
    }

    .theme-content img {
        width: 80%; /* Image takes more width when stacked */
        max-width: 400px; /* Adjust max width if needed */
        margin-bottom: 20px; /* Space between image and text when stacked */
    }

    .theme-section {
        padding: 25px; /* Slightly less padding on smaller screens */
        margin-bottom: 30px; /* Reduce space between sections */
    }

    .theme-section h3 {
        font-size: 1.8em; /* Smaller titles on smaller screens */
        text-align: center;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    /* Existing media query for sidebar and main content stacking */
    .page-layout {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 20px; /* Reduce gap */
    }

    .sidebar-nav {
        flex: auto;
        padding-right: 0;
        margin-bottom: 20px;
    }

    .main-content-area {
        flex: auto;
        padding: 15px; /* Reduce overall padding */
    }

    .theme-section {
        padding: 20px; /* Further reduce padding */
        margin-bottom: 25px;
    }

    .theme-content img {
        width: 90%; /* Image takes even more width on smaller screens */
        max-width: 300px;
    }
}

/* Smooth scrolling for anchor links (essential for good UX with internal links) */
html {
    scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

/* Updated CSS for making images stand out more */
 .theme-content img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%; /* Make images fill their container */
  max-width: 700px; /* Limit maximum width */
  height: auto;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  border-radius: 12px;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2); /* Increased shadow for more depth */
  margin: 20px auto; /* Center images and add margin */
  transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease; /* Smooth transitions */
 }

 .theme-content img:hover {
  transform: translateY(-8px) scale(1.05); /* Increased hover effect */
  box-shadow: 0 16px 32px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); /* Even stronger shadow on hover */
 }

 /* style.css modifications */

/* Ensure theme-content is a flex container for alignment */
.theme-content {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column; /* Stack items vertically */
    align-items: center; /* Center items horizontally */
    text-align: center; /* Center text within the paragraph */
}

.theme-content img {
    display: block;
    width: 100%;
    max-width: 700px;
    height: auto;
    border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    border-radius: 12px;
    box-shadow: 0 8px 16px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);
    margin: 20px auto 10px auto; /* Adjust margin: space below image before text */
    transition: transform 0.3s ease, box-shadow 0.3s ease;
}

.theme-content img:hover {
    transform: translateY(-8px) scale(1.05);
    box-shadow: 0 16px 32px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
}

.theme-content p {
    margin-top: 10px; /* Space above text after the image */
    text-align: left; /* Keep text aligned to the left for better reading flow */
    max-width: 700px; /* Match max-width of image for consistent layout */
    padding: 0 15px; /* Add some horizontal padding for text */
}

/* Style for the main content area paragraphs */
.main-content-area p {
    text-align: justify; /* Justified alignment */
    text-indent: 1.5em; /* Adjust this value for smaller indents, e.g., 1.5em or 1em */
    margin-top: 0; /* Remove extra space above paragraphs */
    margin-bottom: 1em; /* Standard spacing below paragraphs */
}

/* Adjust spacing for the theme content sections */
.theme-section h3 {
    margin-bottom: 0.5em; /* Reduce space below headings */
}

.theme-content {
    margin-top: 0; /* Remove space above the theme content div */
}